中文摘要：

航天器火工冲击力学环境问题是一个宽频、瞬态和强非线性的冲击动力学问题.火工冲击响应的预示涵盖结构动力学、冲击动力学、爆炸力学、高应变率材料力学行为等多学科理论.目前,工程上尚无统一、有效的预示方法.在航天工程中,航天器及其组件冲击环境条件设计以及系统级和单机缓冲设计,都迫切需要能够准确预示航天器的火工冲击响应.文章对国内外航天器火工冲击响应机理进行综合理论分析,并在系统调研分析预示方法的基础上提出了航天器火工冲击响应预示研究的重点和难点.

英文摘要：

The mechanical environment induced by the pyroshock in spacecraft concerns a transient nonlinear problem with a wide-frequency band. Its study is related not only to computational techniques but also to areas of structural dynamics, impact dynamics, explosive behavior, materials behavior at high strain rates, and etc. In the present time, there is no generally accepted method which can predict the response of the pyroshock exactly and effectively in engineering. In the spacecraft field, it is urgent to have a good prediction of the pyroshock responses in the qualification design and the attenuation design for the shock environment of both the system and the assemblies. The mechanism of the pyroshock propagation and the resonant vibration are analyzed in this paper. The methods to predict the pyroshock environment are reviewed systematically. The most important points and difficulties in this respect are pointed out.