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中文摘要：
掺杂物在在协议的 sintering 期间定制微观结构起一个关键作用。这些掺杂物可以在体积以内形成稳固的答案，或分离到谷物边界(GB ) 和稳固蒸汽的接口(免费表面) ，引起管理质量的一种不同精力充沛的情形的各个在 densification 和谷物生长期间搬运。在这个工作，控制掺杂物分发的力量，特别地在表面和 GB 的并发的分离的可能性，基于分离的各自的热含量被讨论。一个方程基于系统的最小的吉布斯精力被导出从试验性的接口精力数据决定分离的热含量，并且当氧化钇的接口 energetics 上的掺杂物在它 sintering 的最后的阶段期间稳定了氧化锆，结果适用描绘 La 的角色。La 实质地减少，这被显示出 GB 和表面精力(不同地) 当 sintering 进行，动态地在这个阶段影响它的驱动力，和作为结果的谷物生长和 densification。
英文摘要：
Dopants play a critical role in tailoring the microstructure during sintering of compacts. These dopants may form solid solution within the bulk, and/or segregate to the grain boundaries（GBs） and the solidvapor interfaces（free surfaces）, each causing a distinct energetic scenario governing mass transports during densification and grain growth. In this work, the forces controlling the dopant distribution, in particular the possibility of concurrent segregation at both surfaces and GBs, are discussed based on the respective enthalpy of segregation. An equation is derived based on the minimum Gibbs energy of the system to determine enthalpy of segregation from experimental interface energy data, and the results applied to depict the role of La as a dopant on the interface energetics of yttria stabilized zirconia during its final stage of sintering. It is shown that La substantially decreases both GB and surface energies（differently）as sintering progresses, dynamically affecting its driving forces, and consequent grain growth and densification in this stage.
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