中文摘要：

透气真空快速泥水分离技术适用于高含水率高黏粒含量疏浚淤泥的堆场处理，可快速减小堆场中淤泥的体积，加速堆场的周转利用，并能解决常规真空处理方法中存在的滤层淤堵问题。通过自行研制的室内模型试验装置，进行透气真空快速泥水分离和自然静置泥水分离的室内模型对比试验，可以看出透气真空快速泥水分离技术对淤泥中水分有促排作用，不仅能快速通过滤层管道抽吸出大量水分，而且其表面水增厚速度也大于自然静置下的增厚速度。透气真空技术中淤泥存在2个排水面，土颗粒与孔隙水存在渗流作用，渗流使得固相与液相产生相对运动。相对渗流使得土颗粒受到拖拽力的作用，拖拽力的大小和方向与相对渗流中的等速界面有关。在拖拽力作用下，淤泥内部会发生“胶结-断裂”压缩过程并产生“稀薄”效应，使得淤泥骨架的体积压密速度大于抽出孔隙水体积速度，进而解释透气真空对淤泥促排作用的机制。

英文摘要：

Discarding the dredged sludge in the yard as waste material occupied much land, the aeration vacuum rapid mud-water separating（AVMWS） technique is suitable for discard yard with high water content and high clay particle content sludge. This technique can quickly reduce the volume of the sludge and accelerate the turnover use of the yard. More important, the technique can solve the clogging problem when pumping water from high water-content, high-clay particle content dredged sludge. Using the AVMWS technique in laboratory model test device developed by the authors, the conclusion that AVMWS technique has drainage-promotion effect on the water in sludge is drawn through the comparison of AVMWS laboratory model test and natural standing sedimentation laboratory model test. This technique can pump out much water from the dredged sludge through the filter tubes very quickly, and make the generating speed of water on the surface of sludge faster than that in natural standing sedimentation test. AVMWS technique has two drainage surfaces, and pore water seepage flows between the soil particles. Seepage generates relative flow between the solid phase and liquid phase. The relative flow makes soil particles suffering a certain tow force, and the tow force and its direction are related to constant velocity interface of relative flow. The tow force produces the process of cement-fracture compression and the rarefy effect, which make the sludge frame＇s volume compression speed faster than the speed of pump-out volume of pore water. Thus the mechanism of drainage-promotion effect of AVMWS technique has been explained.