中文摘要：

洛阳常村煤矿开采煤层为“三软”特厚煤层,井田范围内村庄较多.为了合理回采村庄下煤柱、提高资源采出率,需要掌握该地质条件下的地表移动变形规律及参数.在该矿“三软”特厚煤层工作面建立了地表移动观测站,对地表沉陷进行现场观测,获得了大量的地表沉陷观测资料.通过对实测资料的分析,得出常村煤矿“三软”特厚煤层开采地表沉陷规律及其参数.研究结果表明：与一般地质采矿条件相比,“三软”特厚煤层放顶煤开采具有地表移动角量参数偏小、影响范围大、下沉系数大等特点,地表沉陷呈现塌陷坑及台阶裂缝形态.

英文摘要：

There are a lot of villages in Changcun coal mine,and its underground mining coal is a ＂three-soft＂ and especially thick coal seam.In order to extract coal pillar under a village and improve the recovery rate of resources,it is essential to know the surface movement and deformation and its parameters in the geological conditions.The surface movement station was set up over the panel with a ＂three-soft＂ and especially thick coal seam.The surface subsidence was observed and a lot of surface subsidence observation data were acquired.Through the analysis of measured data,the surface subsidence characteristics and its parameters in Changcun coal mine were obtained.The results show that （1） surface movement angle parameters are smaller in top caving mining,（2） mining influence range is bigger and subsidence factor is larger,and （3） the surface subsidence cracks are very serious and more step cracks appeared,compared with normal geological and mining conditions.