中文摘要：

为了改进严重的雪暴风雪的数字模拟，在 2008 的1月期间发生在中国的南方和 Changjiang 河的中间/更低的活动范围，从在 Qinghai-Xizang 高原( QXP )和它的包围区域上的自动气象站( AWS )的观察被吸收进天气研究，预报( WRF )用多周期 3-dimensional 为变化数据吸收( 3DVAR )建模。由于 QXP 和它可以到达直到的包围区域的大规模特殊地形学中间对流层，在不同高度位于高原的深斜坡的 AWS 对位于平原的那些不同并且在获得垂直“侧面”带在某程度类似的一个角色去收音机 soundings 的空气的信息，并且在采样的方面有优点频率，修理的地点/高度，和同步。这些 AWS 捕获的信息可以为下游的天气系统在在上游的敏感区域带“早警告的强壮的信号”到高原的东方，因此，这些 AWS 数据的吸收被期望在严重天气系统的模拟上导致重要改进发生了在它的通过调整 3-dimensional 结构的下游的区域大气为模型的起始的条件热动力学。这研究显示在 Qinghai-Xizang 高原和它的包围区域上在 AWS 的观察带的潮湿，温度和压力的吸收信息在在它的下游的区域预报降水很重要、有用。

英文摘要：

To improve the numerical simulation of the severe snow storms occurred in the south of China and the middle/lower reaches of Changjiang River during January of 2008, the observations from the automatic weather stations （AWS） over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau （QXP） and its surrounding areas were assimilated into the Weather Research and Forecasts （WRF） model using multi-cycle 3-dimensional variational data assimilation （3DVAR）. Due to the large-scale special topography of the QXP and its surrounding areas which may reach up to the mid-troposphere, the AWS located at different height on the deep slope of the plateau are different to those located on plains and take a role analogous in some extent to that of radio soundings in obtaining the vertical ＂profile＂ information of the atmosphere, and have the advantages in the aspects of sampling frequency, location/height fixing, and synchronization. The information captured by these AWS may carry the early-warning ＂strong signals＂ in the upstream sensitive area for the downstream weather systems to the east of the plateau and thus the assimilation of these AWS data is expected to lead to significant improvements on the simulation of the severe weather system occurred in its downstream areas through adjusting the 3-dimensional structures of the atmospheric thermal-dynamics for the initial conditions of the model. This study indicates that the assimilated information of moisture, temperature and pressure carried in the observations of AWS over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and its surrounding areas is very important and useful in the forecasting of precipitation in its downstream areas.