中文摘要：

太原盆地是一个活动断裂多发、水资源缺乏的地区。长期以来,过量开采地下水资源已导致太原盆地内出现了多种环境地质问题,地面沉降即为典型的地下水超采伴生地质灾害。与此同时,地裂缝灾害也在盆地内迅速发育,严重影响着当地经济的发展。当地裂缝、地面沉降同时发生在某个区域内时,两者相互作用往往大大加重了灾害的程度。本文以详细的地裂缝野外调查资料和地下水观测资料为基础,全面分析了地裂缝和地下水开采、地面沉降在时间、空间、活动上的相互关系,并根据地裂缝的成因机制阐述了产生这种相互关系的内在根源。通过研究,本文认为太原盆地地裂缝的形成与发展与地下水超采在时空上有明显的正相关性,减少地下水开采可降低地裂缝的危害程度。

英文摘要：

Taiyuan basin is a semiarid area and seriously short of groundwater resources but active fault is common in this area. For a long time,the excessive exploitation of groundwater resources has resulted a variety of environmental geological problems appeared,and land subsidence is a typical of groundwater associated geological disasters in Taiyuan basin. At the same time,the earth fissure disasters develop rapidly,seriously affect the development of local economy within the basin. When earth fissure,land subsidence occurred in same area simultaneous,the degree of disasters increase greatly. Based on the detailed field investigation of earth fissures and groundwater observation data,paper comprehensive analysis the relationship between earth fissures,groundwater exploitation and land subsidence in time,space and activities. then paper explains why the earth fissures have close relation to groundwater based on variety of mechanisms of earth fissures. Finally, paper suggests that the formation and development of earth fissures and groundwater exploitation have close correlation in time and space,reducing groundwater pumpage can significantly reduce the harm of earth fissures.