中文摘要：

近年来,随着对洞穴及其古气候环境记录研究的不断深入,洞穴与外部环境间如何进行气体交换,即洞穴呼吸,日益成为洞穴研究所关注的一个重要问题。通过洞穴空气自动监测系统、人工监测等多种监测技术,对洞穴呼吸特征进行了研究。在此基础上,探讨了洞穴呼吸的机理,分析了洞穴呼吸系统的构成,总结了洞穴呼吸的主要方式。同时认为洞穴呼吸与区域自然地理环境（包括区域气候环境条件及地貌形态等）、区域地质背景（包括地层岩性、构造、水文地质条件等）、洞穴发育特征（包括洞穴规模、次生化学沉积物发育程度等）等各影响因素间存在着复杂的反馈关系,并建立了洞穴呼吸与各影响因素间的响应-耦合关系,从理论上探索和分析了这三大因素对洞穴呼吸的影响方式和途径等,为洞穴呼吸的进一步探讨提供了理论基础和实证案例。

英文摘要：

The recent researches on caves and their records of palaeoclimate and palaeo-environment have given rise to the increasing interest in the study of the atmosphere exchange between cave and its external environment,namely cave respiration.The characteristics of cave respiration have been studied by using many kinds of monitoring technologies,such as automatic/manual monitoring systems.On this basis,some studies have been conducted to find out the truth of cave respiration,including its mechanism,composition and main patterns.Moreover,the researches also have found out that there is a complicated feedback relationship between cave respiration and various impacting factors,like：regional physical geographical background（e.g.climate,environment and landforms etc.）,regional geological background（e.g.lithology,structure,and hydrogeology etc.）,and evolutionary features of cave（e.g.cave size and speleothems）.Therefore,the research has set up a response-coupling relationship between cave respiration and its impacting factors,which has analyzed the patterns and approaches how the three major factors impact the cave respiration theoretically.All the results may provide a theoretical basis and practical cases for the further research on the cave respiration.