中文摘要：

地下水波动带是地下水水位及辐射范围变化明显的区域。本文在地质统计学理论与G1S技术基础上，以黑河下游地下水波动带为研究区，根据64个采样点的实测数据，采用地质统计分析法与交叉验证法（Cross-Validation）对研究区土壤盐份实验半方差函数理论模型及常用插值方法进行了选择，进而分析了研究区土壤盐份空间变异性特征。研究结果表明：（1）黑河下游地下水波动带土壤盐份具有明显的空间变异性：沿河流流向方向土壤盐份整体表现为逐渐增高的趋势，垂直于流向方向各盐份要素受控于地下水而应该呈现的离河越近土壤盐份含量越高的特征被一些局部性变异所取代，且这些局部性变异在东河辐射范围内略微明显于西河，这与东河区域局部性地下水补给来源复杂及地下水化学类型变化明显等因素有关。（2）变程是描述空间变异性的尺度。从各盐份要素的有效变程看，7km是研究黑河下游地下水波动带土壤盐份空间相关性的最大采样尺度。本研究的目的是为黑河下游区域生态恢复与植被重建及相关研究中合理布置采样点提供理论依据。

英文摘要：

A groundwater-fluctuating region is a region where the groundwater varies sharply in water table and radiation range. With the aid of the geostatistics theory and GIS technology, study was carried out of a groundwater-fluctuating region in the lower reaches of the Heihe River. Based on the data collected from 64 sampling sites, Cross-Validation method and geostatistics method were adopted to select optimum interpolation method and fitted theoretic semivariogram models. Results show 1） spatial heterogeneity of soil salinity was very obviously in the groundwater-fluctuating region of the lower reaches of the Heihe River. That is, salt content in the soil increased gradually along the direction of the flowing water in the area. And the salt content should decrease gradually with the increasing vertical distance from the trunk course of the river, which was controlled by groundwater, but the decrease was replaced by regional variation. The regional variation was more distinct in the radiation range of East River than West River＇s, which related to the source of replenishment of two rivers and chemical properties of the water; and 2） the range of variation is a measure of spatial heterogeneity. Based on the active variation ranges of the salt elements, 7 km is supposed to be the maximum sampling scale in the study. This study is aimed at providing theoretic basis for regional ecological restoration, vegetation re-establishment, and rational arrangement of sampling sites in related studies.