中文摘要：

本文尝试利用中国海关进出口数据库、CEPII-BACI数据库等产品层面的大型微观数据,基于进口商品种类增加的视角,测算中国进口贸易的福利效应。研究结果发现：进口商品种类多样化、进口地区结构多元化也是贸易利益的源泉;中间品、消费品、低技术商品、高技术商品的进口都有利于消费者福利水平的提升;如果考虑人民币汇率的实际变化,中国由于进口商品种类增加所获得的消费者福利会小幅上升;在不考虑人民币实际汇率和实际有效汇率变化的情况下,基于HS-6商品层面数据,中国消费者每年可以从进口商品种类增长中获得相当于1998年GDP的0.40%的福利增加,基于HS-8商品层面数据,中国消费者每年可以从进口商品种类增长中获得相当于2000年GDP的0.42%的福利增加,即中国每年可以从进口商品种类增长中获得338亿—417亿元的福利增加。因此,今后在制定进口战略时,我国政府不仅要重视进口规模本身的变化、进口商品技术含量的变化,还要高度重视进口商品种类的多样化、进口地区结构的多元化。

英文摘要：

In This paper we attempt to utilize Chinese customs database and CEPII-BACI database to measure the welfare effect of import trade in China based on the perspective of the variety of imports.We find that new import variety and more diversified import regions are the source of the consumer welfare gain.The import of intermediate goods,consumer goods,low technology goods,and high technology products are beneficial to the improvement of the level of consumer welfare.Considering the actual changes in the RMB exchange rate,the gain from imports in China will have increased a little.Without considering the actual changes in the RMB exchange rate,and based on the HS-6commodity level,Chinese welfare gain from new import variety amounts to 0.40% of GDP in 1998annually;based on the HS-8commodity level,Chinese welfare gain from new import variety amounts to 0.42% of GDP in 2000（equals to33.8-41.7billion RMB）annually.Therefore,when consummating the import strategy,the government should pay more attention to the change of imports scale and import technical content,the diversification of import variety and region structure.