中文摘要：

甲壳型液晶高分子的发展很大程度上依赖于聚合物自组装的发展,而各种可设计、可预测、可调控的自组装策略的涌现,将甲壳型液晶高分子研究推向前所未有的高度,同时也极大地丰富了高分子化学与物理的内容,提升了研究水准.研究表明,侧链“甲壳效应”在调控甲壳型液晶高分子有序结构等方面有着重要作用.本综述从甲壳型液晶高分子设计合成、液晶相态调控、嵌段共聚物自组装和功能化应用等方面,总结和评述了近年来该领域国内的最新研究进展.最后,本综述总结了甲壳型液晶高分子在发展中所面临的主要问题,并对其发展趋势进行了展望.

英文摘要：

The concept of mesogen-jacketed liquid crystalline polymers （MJLCPs） was proposed by Prof. Qifeng Zhou in the late 1980s, as the third approach for the design of liquid crystalline polymers （LCPs）. MJLCPs are side-chain polymers with some physical properties similar to those of main-chain LCPs. They are rigid or semi-rigid polymers with controllable shapes （rods or sheets） and sizes. MJLCPs can be prepared by controlled polymerizations such as different living free radical polymerizations and ring-opening metathesis polymerization, and thus their chain lengths can be easily adjusted. The diameter of a rod-like MJLCP or the width of a sheet-like MJLCP can be tuned by changing the size of the side chain. MJLCPs can self-organize into supramolecular columnar liquid crystalline （LC） phases for rod-like MJLCPs or smectic LC phases for sheet-like MJLCPs. They can be used as the rigid backbone to construct homopolymers with hierarchically self-assembled structures, such as main-chain/side-chain combined LCPs. In addition, the rod-like MJLCP with tunable length and diameter provides an excellent building block in forming novel LC block copolymers that can self-assemble into hierarchical nanostructures. MJLCPs can also be used as side chains in polymer brushes and other polymers with special architectures. Furthermore, various functional materials have been also developed based on MJLCPs, including homopolymers, block copolymers, and polymer brushes. The development in MJLCPs largely benefits from the advancement of macromolecular self-assembly. Various designable, predictable, and controllable self-assembly strategies have elevated the level of research on MJLCPs, which also broadens the content of polymer chemistry and polymer physics. The results show that the ＂jacketing＂ effect of side chains plays an important role in regulating the ordered structures of MJLCPs. In this review, we mainly discuss the recent development in the design, synthesis, control of liquid crystalline phases, self-assembly of