中文摘要：

该文介绍了词语产出的加工阶段以及在获得性语言障碍病人（失语症病人）身上这些阶段可能的损伤情况。文中特别介绍了两例词汇提取障碍的治疗，这不仅有助于了解该障碍，更有助于了解其潜在的理论问题。第一个案例关注使用不同的任务治疗词汇提取障碍，评估治疗效果，探究任务产生作用的原理。第二个案例使用词汇提取障碍的治疗方法探讨一个充满争议的问题：同音词（如，pour／paw）在词汇产出过程中是共用一个语音表征还是各自单独表征。

英文摘要：

This paper describes levels of processing in word production and how they may be impaired in acquired language disorders （aphasia）. Specifically, it addresses how treatment of word retrieval impairments can inform not only our understanding of the disorders but also the underlying theories. This is illustrated using two examples. One example focuses on the use of different tasks in the treatment of word retrieval disorders, evaluating their efficacy and determining the nature of their effects. A second example uses the treatment of word retrieval disorders to address the contentious debate regarding whether homophones （e.g. pour/paw） share a single phonological representation, or have distinct representations for word production.