中文摘要：

高寒湿地为水生生物的生存提供了多样的栖息地.其中水生植物是水生生态系统中的初级生产者,可为众多的鱼类、水生动物和鸟类提供食料和庇护场所,也对水环境健康具有独特的指示作用.西藏是中国高寒湿地分布最广的省区之一,由于其特殊的地理位置和交通条件所限,水生植物研究目前尚处于起步阶段.随着气候变化在全球范围的影响日益显著,未来西藏水生植物的研究将会成为一个新的研究热点.通过梳理国内外水生植物的研究结果,对西藏水生植物的种类、分布、结构特征等进行了阐述,认为高寒湿地水位波动未来将更为频繁,水生生物的生存环境同时会发生较大的改变,水生植物的分布区可能会呈微弱扩大趋势,繁殖方式将从以前以无性繁殖为主转向无性与有性结合的方式,水生植物物候不确定性也会增加.提出了未来西藏水生植物研究应关注的重点,以期通过水生植物生理生态学及物候学的研究,反演和预测未来气候变化的趋势特征,为高寒湿地的研究提供一个新的视角.

英文摘要：

Wetlands at high altitude of Tibet Plateau offer a diversity of habitats to numourous aquatic organisms. A- quatic macrophyte is one of the integral parts of aquatic ecosystem, with plants providing food and shelter for other organisms that are in and close to the water. Thus, the plants in a water body may influence not only the ecosystem alone but also the surroundings. Aquatic plants sensitively respond to the environmental changes within a wetland. The tolerance limit of aquatic macrophytes is facing a great challenge in the context of climate change. It is, there- fore, possible to quantify and project the climate scenario by analyzing the dynamics of these plants. The plants at high altitudes are believed to be particularly sensitive to long-term climate change because abiotic factors, especial- ly climate, dominate with respect to biotic interactions. As the Earth＇s third pole, the Tibetan Plateau may be a- mong the most sensitive to global climate change. The Plateau has experienced a pronounced warming in the past decades which has led to an accelerated glacier recession in recent years in the plateau , and the changing climate has placed additional pressure on already-vulnerable water ecosystems. As a result, snow, ice andfrozen ground melting havebrought sufficient water supply to some rivers or wetlands in the last three decades in the plateau. One of the prominent impacts is the water level fluctuation in the wetland. This has posed a significant impact on most wetlands which arerecharged mainly from snow-melting, permafrost thawing, and percolated rainwater in the Tibetan Plateau. Consequently, the species, community and structure of the aquatic macrophytes have to adjust to thechanging environment. However, few studies have been conducted in Tibet on the aquatic macrophyes on ac- count of harsh climate, inconvenient transportation as well as the political controversy. In the hope of initiatinga new perspective on climate change from aquatic macrophytes in the Tibetan Plateau, this paper presents