中文摘要：

【目的】评估农户对林果生产机械化作业的需求和偏好程度,为推动林果业机械化的政策制定提供参考。【方法】基于四川省石棉县黄果柑和枇杷种植优势乡镇农户调研数据,在分析农户林果生产机械化作业现状的基础上,采用加权平均法和首选决定法得出农户对山地林果生产机械化作业需求的优先序,并利用层次聚类分析法分析农户的需求层次;利用Multinomial Logistic模型分析农户对山地林果生产机械化作业需求的影响因素。【结果】1）样本农户中,仅有部分农户在施药、施肥、灌溉和中耕除草环节实现了机械化作业;2）从农户对林果生产机械化作业需求强度来看,由强到弱依次为中耕除草、灌溉、施肥、施药、果实套袋、控花疏果、整形修剪和采摘,且农户的需求分为技术成熟亟待推广的机械化、技术较为成熟但仍需改进的机械化和农户需求较低的机械化3类;3）从影响农户对山地林果生产机械化需求的因素来看,经营者特征变量中,性别在灌溉、施肥和施药模型中影响显著;年龄在施肥、施药、采摘、整形修剪和控花疏果模型中影响显著;受教育程度在整形修剪和控花疏果模型中影响显著;种植年限在套袋、采摘、整形修剪和控花疏果模型中影响显著。农户家庭特征变量中,劳动力数量在套袋、采摘和施药模型中影响显著;种植面积在除施药以外的各模型中均影响显著;林果收入比重在整形修剪、套袋和控花疏果模型中影响显著;外出务工人数在除套袋以外的各模型中均影响显著。技术特征感知变量中,技术风险感知和技术实现难易程度在整形修剪、控花疏果、套袋和采摘模型中均影响显著;技术关注频率在所有模型中均影响显著;果品类型仅在套袋模型中影响显著。【结论】样本农户山地林果生产机械化作业整体水平较低;农户对山地林果生产作业机

英文摘要：

【Objective】Low level of the forest fruit industry mechanization has been seriously affected the promotion of agricultural mechanization level in China,households are the main body of forest fruit production,households＇ demands for mechanization of each link are different. Assessing demand and preferences of the rural households may provide the reference to promote the mechanization of forest fruit industry. 【Method 】Taking Huangguogan orange and loquat as examples,the conditions and demands for mechanization of the rural households＇ forest fruit production were analyzed. It had come up with a demand priority order of rural households＇ forest fruit production according to the weighted average method and preferred method,then using hierarchical clustering analysis method to further accurate understanding of the demand level. The influence factors of households＇ forest fruit production mechanization demands were analyzed by using Multinomial Logistic model. 【Result 】Firstly, in the households of the samples, only some households realized mechanization in spraying,fertilizing,weeding and irrigating sectors. Secondly,the households＇ demand intensity of theforest fruit production mechanization,from strong to weak,were as follows： weeding,irrigating,fertilizing,spraying,fruit bagging,flower controlling and fruit thinning,pruning and picking,and the mechanization demand of the households＇ were divided into three types： mature mechanization need to be promotion,relatively more developed mechanization but still need to be improved and low demand mechanization. Thirdly,from the impact factors on the households＇ forest fruit production mechanization demand,in the variables of manager characteristics,the gender significantly influenced on irrigating,fertilizing models; the age significantly influenced on fertilizing,spraying,picking pruning,flower controlling and fruit thinning models; the education level significantly influenced on pruning and flower controlling and fruit thinning models; the pl