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中文摘要：
针对脉管制冷机由于没有低温下的调相部件，制冷量和效率尚需进一步提高的问题，提出了在脉管冷端增加冷端气库的新型脉管调相结构，从而将脉管低温端压力和流量相位调到最佳．该气库与脉管冷端通过管壁小孔或惯性管连接，能进一步产生与压力波同相的质量流量分量，以增强脉管制冷机的制冷性能．基于线性模型的分析结果表明，冷端气库大幅度增加了脉管制冷机的制冷量．如果冷端气库与脉管体积比大于一定值，则制冷机效率也将得到显著提高．
英文摘要：
In order to further increase cooling power and the coefficient of performance （COP） of the pulse tube cooler （PTC）, which has no phase-adjusting parts in low temperature, a novel phase-adjusting configuration named cold-end reservoir was proposed to better the phase difference between pressure and mass flow rate at the cold end of the pulse tube. The new reservoir was connected to the pulse tube through pores or inertance tube to further generate the in-phase flow vector with pressure, which can improve the PTC performance. The performance of single orifice and double-inlet pulse tube coolers with a reservoir at the cold end was analyzed and compared with linear model. The results revealed that the reservoir at the cold end can significantly improve the cooling power. The COP can also be increased if the volume ratio of cold-end reservoir to pulse tube is large enough.
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