中文摘要：

组蛋白乙酰转移酶（HAT）在生物生殖发育中对染色体的结构修饰和基因的表达调控发挥着重要作用。为探讨组蛋白乙酰化与小麦生理型雄性不育的关系，利用实时荧光定量技术，分析了化学杀雄剂SQ 1诱导的生理型雄性不育小麦花药各发育时期组蛋白乙酰转移酶基因HAT1的表达水平。结果表明，与同期可育花药相比，生理型雄性不育小麦花药的HAT1基因表达水平在单核期显著升高，二核期变化趋势基本相同，三核期显著降低。DNA Ladder显示，不育花药在单核期出现明显的DNA片段化，比正常花药提前凋亡。这表明SQ 1诱导的小麦生理型雄性不育可能与HAT1基因表达异常和花药细胞提前凋亡有关。

英文摘要：

Histone acetyltransferase （HATs） plays an important role in modification of the structure of chromosomes and regulation of gene expression. The main function of histone acetyltransferase is to transfer the acetyl of acetyl CoA to specific lysine residues of histone amino terminal. Acetylation of histone separates DNA from histone,relaxes the structure of nucleosome. Histone acetylation makes transcription factors bind to the special site of DNA,and then activates gene transcription. In addition,HAT can also acetylate some nonhistones,such as proteins involved in DNA damage repair and so on. To study the relationship between histone acetylation and physiological male sterility induced by chemical hybridizing agent SQ 1 in wheat,the expression level of HAT1 gene in physiological male sterile anthers at different development stages were analyzed by qRT PCR. The results showed that its expression in sterile anthers was significantly higher than that in fertile anthers at monokaryotic stage,while lower at trinuclear stage. There was no difference in the expression level of HAT1 gene in sterile and fertile anthers at meiosis stage and binuclear stage. DNA Ladder experiment showed that more DNA fragmentations occurred obviously in the sterile anther at mononuclear stage,while in the fertile anther at binuclear stage. The phenomenon of DNA fragmentation in sterile anthers was earlier than that in fertile anthers. This result reveals that physiological male sterility in wheat induced by chemical hybridizing agent SQ 1 may be related to the abnormal expression of HAT1 gene and anther cells apoptosis in advance.