中文摘要：

针对应急条件下对地观测任务时敏度高、动态性强的特点,提出了基于任务动态合成的多星应急调度方法。首先,建立了多星动态应急调度数学规划模型。然后,提出了任务动态合成（dynamic merging,DM）策略,并设计了候选合成任务集合构建（candidate merging task set establishment,CMTSE）算法。最后,提出了基于任务动态合成的多星动态应急调度（dynamic merging based dynamic emergency scheduling,DM-DES）算法。为验证DM-DES算法的有效性,通过大量仿真实验将DM-DES与基于迭代修复的启发式算法（repair-based heuristicalgorithm,RBHA）和不考虑任务合成的动态应急调度（dynamic emergency scheduling,DES）算法进行比较。实验结果表明,DM-DES算法能有效提高调度质量,适用于多星动态应急调度。

英文摘要：

Considering the earth observation tasks with high time sensitivity and strong dynamics,a multi-satellite emergency scheduling method based on task dynamic merging（DM） is proposed.Firstly,a mathematical programming model for dynamic emergency scheduling of multiple earth observation satellites is established.In addition,a novel task dynamic merging strategy is proposed and a candidate merging task set establishment（CMTSE） algorithm is used for dynamic merging design.Finally,with task dynamic merging in place,a novel multi-satellite dynamic emergence scheduling algorithm called DM-DES is presented.To demonstrate the superiority of DM-DES,extensive experiments are conducted to compare DM-DES with a repair-based heuristic algorithm（RBHA） as well as a dynamic emergency scheduling（DES） algorithm without dynamic merging.The experimental results indicate that DM-DES improves the scheduling quality of others and is suitable for emergency scheduling.