中文摘要：

能动性研究是探讨个人在社会变迁中的作用的一种考古学理论范式，与哲学和社会学有着较为密切的联系。能动性研究的理论与哲学、社会学的思想密切相关，它强调个人或群体的能动性对行为的影响会导致物质材料的变化，进而影响文化进程的发展。能动性研究主要通过对物质文化中的“异形”进行分析，探讨能动性与行为、结构、社会变迁等要素之间的关系，其理论与方法对当今中国考古学的研究具有启示意义。

英文摘要：

The theory of agency has close connections with philosophy and sociology. It explains the in- dividual or group＇ s influence on social transformation. The application of agency in archaeology focuses on the examinations on abnormalities in material culture and the exploration on the relations between agencies and other factors such as behaviors, structures and social transformation. The theories and methodology of agency may provide insights to the research of Chinese archaeology.