中文摘要：

自我正面偏见是指对大多数个体来说，其自我相关信息与正性情绪效价联系紧密，个体倾向于把正面结果或特质归因于自我内部稳定的人格特征，而认为负面结果或特质与自己的人格特征不相关。本项目从自我正面偏见的文化相对论与文化普遍论之争出发，采用行为和认知神经科学技术，试图证实集体主义文化下自我正面偏见的存在，并对照外显自我正面偏见，考察内隐层面上的自我正面偏见及其可变性，探索抑郁个体的内隐自我相关信息加工的改善，了解其大脑神经基础，揭示内隐自我正面偏见的性质与特征，验证和完善自我相关信息与情绪信息的功能加工层次模型。研究结果不仅有助于从内隐层面上了解自我与情绪的复杂关系，而且还将对其神经基础做出重要探索，更深入地解读中国人的自我的本质。

英文摘要：

For most individuals, information about the self is associated with a positive valence. Individuals attribute positive traits or outcomes to internal, stable and global personal characteristics whereas negative traits or outcomes are identified as unrelated to personal characteristics. This attributional bias is known as the self-positivity bias. Using behavioral experiments and cognitive neuroscience measures, the present project attempted to identify the processing of self-reference and emotional valence, and to confirm the existence of the self-positivity bias in Collectivist Cultures. The aim of the present project was to investigate the self-positivity bias and its variability at an implicit level comparing with an explicit level, to comprehend the brain and neural mechanisms, particularly, to explore the promotion and change of implicit self-positivity bias in depressive individuals. The present project also attempted to reveal the nature and feature of implicit self-positivity bias, to provide evidence to functional processing hierarchy for self-relevant and emotional information. The completion of this project can not only understand the complicated relationship of self and emotion at an implicit level, but also make significant exploration of the neural mechanisms and further unscramble the nature of Chinese people＇s self.