中文摘要：

分别以铁、钴、镍、铬为掺杂元素，通过液相均相沉淀-气／固高温还原两段反应方法制备了四种碳载Pt—M／C（M=Fe，Co，Ni，Cr）催化剂，并比较了四种不同合金催化剂的电催化性能。采用X射线衍射法（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）技术测试了催化剂表面的元素构成、晶体结构、表面形貌及空间分布情况。测试结果表明，Pt—Cr／C的分散较好，粒径最小。室温（20℃）下，在电解液为0．5mol／L硫酸溶液及0．5mol／L硫酸与2mol／L甲醇混合溶液中，用循环伏安法（CV）研究其电催化活性。结果表明，Pt—Cr／C催化剂的电化学活性表面积最大，具有较强的抗CO中毒能力。

英文摘要：

This research was aimed to reduce the cost of the catalyst for direct methanol fuel cell （DMFC） and improve its catalytic activity. Carbon-supported Pt-M alloy catalysts were prepared by two-step reaction containing liquid depositing and gas-solid reducing. The crystalline structure, particle size and its distribution in the catalysts were measured by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scan electronic micrographs（SEM） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The results show that Pt-Cr/C catalyst disperses uniformly and its particle size is smallest. The catalytic performance of the samples was evaluated in 0.5 mol/L H2O4 and 2 mol/L CH3OH/H2SO4solutions at 20 ℃ by cyclic voltammograms（CV）. The results show that Pt-Cr/C catalyst has the largest electrochemical surface and preferable tolerance on CO.