中文摘要：

目的：探讨组织工程仿生骨膜同种异体内成骨修复骨缺损及其血管化的可能性。方法：以猪小肠黏膜下层基质为支架复合体外培养的新西兰大白兔骨髓间充质干细胞构建组织工程仿生骨膜。2个月龄新西兰大白兔12只,制备双侧桡骨临界骨缺损模型。随机选一侧植入组织工程仿生骨膜,作为实验组;另一侧仅植入单纯小肠黏膜下层基质,作为对照组。植入后观察动物一般情况;植入4周时,以四环素荧光标记法、甲醛-墨汁灌注法,观察工程骨组织的血管化情况,同时以苏木精-伊红染色观察新骨组织形成。结果：术后动物饮食及日常行为基本正常;伤口无红肿、溢脓等。大体标本观察见实验侧骨缺损得到初步修复,而对照侧骨缺损未修复。四环素荧光标记及组织学染色均证明实验侧骨缺损处有新生骨组织;甲醛-墨汁灌注标本检测证明工程骨组织中有较丰富的血管形成。结论：所构建的组织工程仿生骨膜在同种异体体内可以成骨,并可血管化成活。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the in vivo possibility of osteogenesis and angiogenesis of tissue-engineered periosteum in rabbits. METHODS： The marrow mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） derived from New Zealand rabbits were adhered to small intestinal submucosa （SIS） to fabricate the tissue-engineered periosteum. Totally 12 New Zealand rabbits were received critical bone defect in bilateral radii to prepare models. The tissue-engineered periosteum was randomly implanted in one side of bone defect, and the other side was treated by SIS. At 4 weeks after operation, the angiogenesis of tissue engineered bone was detected by Tetracycline fluorescence microscopy and formaldehyde-ink perfusion method; simultaneously, the new bone formation was firmed by haematoxylin-eosin staining. RESULTS： Animals showed normal daily behaviors and non-infection wounds healing. The gross observation showed that bone defects in the experimental side were bridged with newly formed bone; while the defects of the control side were remained empty. Tetracycline fluorescence microscopy and hisotological examination could confirm the new bone tissue formation in the experimental side. The ink staining in new bone specimens suggested that there were abundant of neovasculization in tissue-engineered bone. CONCLUSION： Tissue-engineered periosteum can form new bone in allogenic rabbits and can be vascularized by some inherent mechanism for new bone tissue survivor.