中文摘要：

调节性T细胞是一类可以调节其他多种免疫细胞功能的T细胞亚型,其正常生理功能对体内免疫稳态维持必不可少。调节性T细胞功能失调与人类多种重大疾病,如自身免疫性疾病、感染性疾病、过敏性疾病、恶性肿瘤、移植排斥的发生、发展及治疗都密切相关。调节性T细胞可分为多种亚型,其中最重要也是目前研究最多的为表达叉头状家族转录因子FOXP3的天然调节性T细胞及诱导调节性T细胞。深入研究FOXP3＋调节性T细胞的发育及功能的分子及细胞免疫学机制,将为重大免疫性疾病的临床治疗提供创新性线索。

英文摘要：

Regulatory T cells （Tregs） play a fundamental role in maintaining immune homeostasis in vivo. Treg cells have been actively involved in controlling major human diseases including autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, allergic diseases and the immune surveillance of tumors. The forkhead family transcription factor FOXP3 is a master regulator of natural Treg development and function. The underlying mechanism by which FOXP3 functions in Treg cells is dependent not only on FOXP3 transcription and expression, but also on FOXP3 posttranslational modification and transcriptional complex ensemble with other cofactors including protein posttranslational modification enzymes. Understanding the FOXP3 biochemistry and its dynamic ensemble with enzymatic cofactors will lead to novel therapeutic approaches for treating autoimmunity, infection, allergy, organ transplantation and cancer immunotherapy.