中文摘要：

现有关于会计稳健性经济作用的研究突出会计稳健性的收益，较少关注其成本。文章以2010-2012年我国沪深两市非金融上市公司为样本，从会计稳健性的成本效益出发，考察经营风险与会计稳健性的关系，分析会计稳健性在中国资本市场中的风险信号作用。研究发现，在中国资本市场中，经营风险高的公司会计稳健性更低，经营风险低的公司会计稳健性更高，会计稳健性传递了资本市场风险信号。本研究为中国上市公司会计稳健性的经济作用提供了新的解释。与此同时，为了更好地发挥会计稳健性的经济作用，会计稳健性准则的制定如何结合政府监管和公司内在激励的需要，是一个有待深入探讨的问题。

英文摘要：

The former studies on theeconomy effectof accounting conservatism mainly highlight the benefits of accounting conservatism but seldom focus its cost. Taking samples of the non-finance listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Ex- changes in 2010--2012, this article investigates the relationship between the accounting conservatism and business operation risks from the viewpoint of the cost effectiveness of accounting conservatism, and analyzes the signaling role of risks of accounting conservatism in the Chinese capital market. The study finds, in Chinese capital market, the higher the operation risksare in a company, the lower the accounting conservatism is. The companies with low operation risks undertake high accounting conserva- tism. Accounting conservatism has transmitted the risk signal in capital market. This study provides a new explanation of econom- ic effects of accounting conservatism for the Chinese listed companies. Consequently, it explains how the standard setupof ac- counting conservatism mayhave better economic effects based on the government regulations and the companies＇ intrinsic motiva- tionneeds.