近年来,中国人口流动的家庭化趋势越来越显著。如何在社会政策和公共服务层面回应这一新的变化,不仅事关2.5亿流动人口的福祉,也直接决定了城镇化进程中各项改革的成败。基于2013年中国流动人口监测数据,研究探讨了流动人口家庭迁移的主要模式、迁移序列、迁移轨迹和主要特点,发现完整家庭式流动已经成为我国核心家庭流动的主导模式;在无法实现完整家庭式流动的前提下,家庭迁移呈现出先夫妻、后子女的序列;流动人口迁移的家庭化程度受到迁移距离和迁入地生活成本的影响等特征。人口流动的家庭化不仅直接关系到流动人口的家庭生活和家庭福利,同时也对我国城镇化进程和质量产生重要影响。因此,亟需构建家庭友好型的社会政策环境,以促进发展的共享与新型城镇化的健康发展。
In recent years, the trend of family-oriented migration become more and more significant. How to respond to the new change from the perspective of social policy and public service is not only related to the welfare of 250 million migrants, but also to the success or failure of reforms in the process of urbanization. Based on Chinese National Dynamic Monitoring Survey of Migrant Population in the year of 2013, this study explores the main migration patterns, sequence, and tracks, and examines the characteristics of migrant families. Urbanization is not only important to the process of social modernization, but is also an important social change in itself. In the trend of family-oriented migration, there is an urgent need for a family-friendly social policy to promote the sharing of development and healthy growth of urbanization.