中文摘要：

选取全球主要国家和地区的能源系统为研究对象,对它们能源消费的规模、结构与效率在空间上的差异进行了分析,之后,采用递阶偏最小二乘（Hi_PLS）模型对能源消费量的主要影响因素进行了辨析,结果表明：①能源消费总量主要集中在北半球或北美、欧亚大陆及亚洲。人均能耗较高的国家则主要集中在油气资源丰富的区域或经济发达区;②结构方面,中东四国油气所占比例受其油气资源禀赋影响非常显著,它们除油气外的其它能耗几乎为0;③效率方面,能耗效率较高的国家主要分布在中南美、欧洲、欧亚大陆及亚太地区,而北美、中东和非洲地区的国家能耗效率则较低;④全球尺度,对能源消费量增长最重要的影响因素为交通业与信息产业的活动（包括基建）,其次为医疗业及其它一般意义上的经济活动,最后就是人们投入研发以及从事农业等的活动。人口的自然增长及其结构因素与人们从事教育的活动对能源消费量增长的促进作用不大。据此,提出了一些减缓全球能源消耗,促进各国向低碳清洁的可持续发展模式转变的对策建议,供决策者参考

英文摘要：

On a globe scale, different countries have varying energy consumption modes due to differences in geographical conditions and natural resources endowment. Discerning these differences can help design a reasonable system or strategic planning for energy conservation and emissions reduction. In this paper, 46 major countries （plus Hong Kong Special Admistrative Region of China） were selected. Then, the spatial distribution characteristics of energy consumption amount, structure, and efficiency were investigated and analyzed. Furthermore, influencing factors of these characteristics were examined in detail by introducing a new method. Data of consumption characteristics were obtained from the British Petroleum （BP）. Data of influencing factors of these characteristics were obtain from the World Development Indicators （WDI） in the World Bank Database. The Hierarchical Partial Least Squares model （Hi_PLS） was used. One advantage of this model is to isolate the impact from collinearity in the independent variables. Results show that 1） energy consumption quantity is mainly concentrated in the northern part of the world, i.e., North America, Eurasia, and Asia. The per capita energy consumption, however, is mainly concentrated in countries with the endowment of high oil and gas resources or in economically developed areas. 2）The energy consumption structure of the Middle East 4 countries is significantly affected by their oil and gas resources endowment. Except for oil and gas, the other energy consumption of the Middle East 4 countries is almost zero. 3） Countries with high energy use efficiency are mainly distributed in Central ＆ South America, Europe ＆ Eurasia and Asia Pacific regions. However, countries in North America, the Middle East, and Africa have low energy use efficiency. 4） The most important influencing factors of energy consumption growth on a global scale are transportation and information industry activities （including infrastructure construction）. The secondary influencin