RNA干扰(RNAi)是与靶基因同源的双链RNA引发的,在真菌、植物和动物中普遍存在的序列特异的转录后基因沉默(VFGS)现象。该方法的研究是目前分子生物学和基因工程领域研究的热点之一。作为反向遗传学研究的新工具,RNAi在基因功能研究、基因治疗以及病毒防治等方面发挥着巨大的作用,文章将RNAi的发现、作用机理、特点、导入思路和方法及其在植物中的广泛应用进行了综述。
RNA interference(RNAi), which is induced by double-stranded RNA(dsRNA), is a specific post-transcriptional gene silencing(PTGS) phenomenon. It's ever found in fungi, plants and animals. RNAi was one of research focuses of molecule biology and gene engineering. As a new tool of reverse genetics, it was widely applied in gene functions, characteristics. A review of RNAi technique and application in plants was presented in the article.