中文摘要：

空洞缺陷是BGA焊接缺陷中比较常见的一种,主要由回流焊时产生的气体没有及时排出而导致. X 射线无损检测技术可以使空洞缺陷在焊球图像上显示为白色区域供技术人员查看,但在噪声、不均匀照 射、存在与缺陷类似目标的干扰下如何准确地自动提取缺陷一直是个难题.提出使用Otsu算法分割焊球, 使用数学形态学中的开闭运算、顶帽变换提取空洞缺陷的技术方案,实现每个焊点空洞缺陷的准确提取和 自动分析.实验结果表明,提出的技术方案鲁棒性强,可应用于BGA焊点的空洞缺陷检测.

英文摘要：

Voids are one of the major defects in ball grid array （BGA） solder joints due to a large amount of outgassing flux that gets entrapped during reflow. X-ray nondestructive machines are used to make voids visible as lighter areas inside the solder joints in X-ray images for detection However, it has always been difficult to analyze this problem automatically because of some challenges such as noise, inconsistent lighting and void-like artifacts. This study realized accurate extraction and automatic a-nalysis of void defects in solder joints by adopting a technical proposal, in which Otsu algorithm was used to segment solder balls and void defects were extracted through opening and closing operations and top-hat transformation in mathematical mor-phology. Experimental results show that the technical proposal mentioned here has good robustness and can be applied in the detection of voids in BGA solder joints.