中文摘要：

本文聚焦于国有企业自主创新问题,采用双案例比较研究方法,选择两家自主创新存在较大差异的国有企业大连机车与一汽轿车进行对比分析,探讨国有企业实现自主创新除＂政治身份＂之外的其他关键影响因素以及因素之间的关系。研究发现（1）政治身份及其衍生的优劣势并不是影响国有企业创新的关键因素;（2）＂非政治身份＂中的市场结构、产品结构、技术战略、技术平台是国有企业创新实现的关键要素;（3）市场结构、产品类型、技术战略、技术平台四要素之间存在密切的互动关系。

英文摘要：

Independent innovation ability of state-owned enterprises has been controversial. Except the special ＂identity politics＂,the factors affecting innovation of state-owned enterprises still remains unclear. Through the method of cases study,we select CNR Dalian Locomotive Rolling Stock Co.,LTD and FAW CAR CO.,LTD as samples,both of which are state-owned enterprises and have great differences in innovation,to explore the key innovation factors of state-owned enterprises except＂political identity＂and analyze the relationship between them. The results show that：（ 1） ＂political identity＂and its derivatives are not the key factors influencing the innovation of state-owned enterprises.（ 2） market structure,product structure,technology strategy,technology platform are key elements of independent innovation in state-owned enterprises.（ 3） there is a close interaction between the four elements： market structure,product types,technology strategy,and technology platform. Actually,the key reasons why some state-owned enterprises can achieve innovation are the ＂exclusive＂market structure they have,their product type of Cops,and their self-independent technology strategy. Besides,those enterprises also accumulated their own technology platform.