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中文摘要：
晚清铁路建设及其投融资政策问题与救亡图存时局密切相关，铁路所附带的政治、经济利益，使控制权问题成为铁路借款政策的重心所在。时人希望通过借款融资加快铁路建设的同时，最大限度地掌握铁路控制权，或主张以铁路借款为推动内政与外交的手段，或主张以内政与外交为促成、阻断铁路借款的砝码。在借款政策形成与实施过程中，“门户开放”使清政府在一定程度上可以通过自主选择贷方实现各国的“均势”，但在弱国外交的局势下，出于政治权衡的选择，因忽视资本问题，往往给外国债权人提供了榨取更多经济利益的机会。
英文摘要：
The construction of railway and the policy of its investment and financing are closely related to the current situation in late Qing Dynasty. Railway with political and economic interests makes the control issues be- come the focus of railway loan policy. People hope to speed up the railway construction by means of debt finan- cing, and control the railway as far as possible, and through railway loan to promote the internal affairs and diplo- macy, or through the internal affairs and diplomacy to promote or block the railway loan . In the process of loan policy formation and implementation, the open-door makes Qing government choose credit for all countries to a- chieve the ＂balance of power＂ in a certain extent, but in a diplomatic situation, because of ignoring the capital problem and politically motivated choice, Qing government often provides to squeeze more profit opportunity for foreign creditors.
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