中文摘要：

准确测量压差是模拟试验研究高含水低温条件下水-胶凝原油在水平管路中的流动特性的关键,但有关温度低于原油凝固点时胶凝原油水力悬浮输送微压差测量方面还没有见到相关报道。分析了水-胶凝原油微压差测量存在的几个问题。在对比分析各种压差变送器测试原理的基础上,针对水-胶凝原油两相流压差信号波动频率低、波动幅值小等特点,选用电容式压差变送器进行水平管内水-胶凝原油两相流微压差测量;并根据模拟试验中被测压差要求的量程、精度和压差信号频率确定了设备的具体型号。对于影响测量准确度的取压口位置、导压管安装方式和仪表防堵防腐等问题,提出具体的解决方案。

英文摘要：

Measuring the pressure drop accurately is the key factor to study characteristic of the water-gelled crude oil two-phase flow in horizontal pipe under the conditions of low temperature and the high water ratio.But there is no relevant report about the micro-pressure drop measurement while gelled crude oil is suspended transmitting on water under oil condensation point.Several problems existed in measuring the pressure drop related are analyzed to water-gelled crude oil,for the water-gelled crude oil characteristics（such as low frequency,small amplitude）.it picked capacitance-type sensor to measure the pressure drop,on the basis of comparison of all kinds of differential pressure transmitter measurement principle.Then the exactly model of equipment,depending on the measuring range,accuracy,signal frequency is confirmed.For some problem which will affect the measuring accuracy,such as pressure taps chosen,tubes installation,anticorrosion and anti-blocking,specific solution method are developed.