中文摘要：

目的：探讨男性乳腺癌临床病理特征、分子亚型特征及预后的特点。方法：收集天津医科大学肿瘤医院135例的男性乳腺癌患者和377例同期诊断为非特殊型浸润性导管癌女性患者临床病理资料,比较两组预后差异,对患者年龄、肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移、分期、免疫组织化学指标等因素与预后的关系进行统计学分析。结果：与女性乳腺癌相比,男性乳腺癌好发于乳晕区（P=0.001）,具有较高的雌激素受体、孕激素受体阳性表达率（P〈0.05）;男性乳腺癌以Luminal A和Luminal B1型为主,其所占比例高于女性乳腺癌（P〈0.05）;男性乳腺癌5和10年总生存率为81.3%和68.1%、无病生存率为72.3%和50.5%,显著低于同期诊断的女性乳腺癌5、10年总生存率（91.8%、79.2%）（P=0.001）、无病生存率（82.6%、60.9%）（P=0.003）。单因素生存分析显示肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移、病理学分期、HER-2状态、分子分型是影响男性乳腺癌患者总生存和无病生存预后的因素（P〈0.05）,Cox多因素分析显示肿瘤大小和淋巴结转移与男性乳腺癌患者预后有关（P〈0.05）。结论：男性乳腺癌较女性乳腺癌预后差,分子亚型以LuminalA和Luminal B1型为主,其所占比例高于女性乳腺癌,表明两者可能具有不同的生物学行为,早期诊断、早期治疗是改善其预后的关键。

英文摘要：

Objective： To investigate the clinicopathological features, molecular subtypes, and prognosis for male breast cancer （MBC）. Methods： Clinical data of 135 MBC patients and 377 female breast cancer （FBC） patients with invasive ductal carcinoma not otherwise specified were collected. Differences between the prognostic outcomes of the two groups were compared, and the relation- ship between clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic significance was analyzed. Results： More MBC patients suffered from centrally located tumors, with mammary areola as the predilection site, than FBC patients. The two groups exhibited significant differ- ences （p=0.001）. Male patients had a higher ER frequency and positive PR rate than female patients （P〈0.05）. The most common mo- lecular subtypes of MBC were Luminal A and Luminal B1, and significant differences were identified for molecular subtypes between MBC and FBC patients （P〈0.05）. The 5-year and 10-year overall survival rates in MBC patients were 81.3% and 68.1%, and dis- ease-free survival rates were 72.3% and 50.5%, respectively. These values were significantly lower than those of FBC patients in the same-period diagnostic [i.e., 91.8% and 79.2% （P=0.001）, and 82.6% and 60.9% （P=0.003）, respectively]. Kaplan-Meier survival analy- sis, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, pathological stage, HER-2 status, and molecular subtypes affected the prognosis of MBC pa- tients （P〈0.05）. In multivariate analysis, the tumor size and lymph node metastasis were associated with a poor prognosis （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： MBC patients experienced a more unfavorable prognosis compared with FBC patients. The most common molecular sub- types of MBC were Luminal A and Luminal B 1, which were higher in proportion in MBC patients than in FBC patients. Biological dif- ferences contributed to the poor prognosis. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are key to improving the prognosis.