描述逻辑是知识工程应用领域中重要的一类知识表示形式化工具.近年来,解决描述逻辑标准推理和非标准推理已成为描述逻辑研究的一个重要内容.文中慨述描述逻辑的标准推理和非标准推理的重要性和研究进展,给出LCS推理、MSC推理、重写推理、匹配推理、调试推理和保守扩充等非标准推理的定义和实现这些推理的主要技术.深入讨论LCS推理、MSC推理和匹配推理,以及混合循环术语集的非标准推理及其研究进展.最后探讨描述逻辑非标准推理的发展趋向.
Description Logics belong to a kind of formalization method for representing knowledge in the knowledge engineering. Solving the standard and non-standard inferences has become an important research area of description logics in recent years. The significance and research advance on standard and non-standard inferences in description logics are summarized in this paper. The definition of Least Common Subsumer ( LCS ), Most Specific Concept ( MSC ), Rewriting, Matching, Debugging and Conservative Extensions, and the actualizing technologies of these Reasoning are given. Problems of the LCS, MSC, Matching, non-standard reasoning of hybrid terminological cycles in description logics and their research advance are discussed in particular. Finally, some prospects of non-standard inference in description logic are discussed.