中文摘要：

以石墨粉为原料,经Hummers法制备氧化石墨,采用红外光谱、X射线衍射和扫描电镜对产物结构进行表征.结果表明,氧化石墨含有C—OH、—COOH和C—O—C等官能团,使石墨的层间作用力减弱,层间距增大.研究了氧化石墨对对硝基苯酚的吸附行为,当吸附温度为298 K,pH为7.0时,氧化石墨对对硝基苯酚的吸附量为80.69 mg/g,是石墨粉吸附量的6.1倍.吸附热力学研究表明,氧化石墨对对硝基苯酚的吸附可以用Langmuir方程拟合,吸附是自发的放热过程,低温有利于吸附的进行.动力学拟合显示吸附符合二级动力学模型.

英文摘要：

The graphite oxide was prepared from the powdered graphite via the Hummers method. It was characterized by the methods of the FT-IR, the XRD and the SEM. It is shown that the graphite oxide contains various oxygen-containing functional groups such as C--OH, --COOH and C--O--C, which increase the layer spaces. Adsorption experiments indicate that the graphite oxide has an outstanding adsorption ability for the p-nitrophenol. With the adsorption temperature at 298 K and the pH value at 7.0, the adsorptive capability of the graphite oxide is up to 80.69 mg/g, 6.1 times of that of the graphite powder. From the adsorption isotherms and thermodynamic functions, it is shown that the adsorption can be described by the Langmuir isothermal equation and is a spontaneous and exothermic process. The kinetic study shows that the adsorption can be fitted by second-order dynamic equations.