中文摘要：

在总结复合材料多钉连接钉载测试方法的基础上，针对单向载荷传感器应用中必须已知钉载方向且需要按照钉载方向装设传感器的缺点，提出了钉载矢量传感器方案。钉载矢量传感器无预设安装角度要求，能够测量载荷方向；并对钉载矢量传感器的选材、应变片方案及开槽尺寸进行了设计，制造了钉载矢量传感器。采用复合材料单钉单剪螺栓连接，分别对钉载矢量传感器测量结果的线性符合性、重复性、安装角度影响以及载荷方向测量能力进行了测试研究。测试结果表明：钉载矢量传感器满足工程上对载荷分配测试的技术要求，验证了本文所提出的钉载矢量传感器的适用性。

英文摘要：

Based on a brief survey of the test methods for load in composite multi-bolt joints, an instrumented bolt for load vector plan without prearranged installation angle demand and with the capability of load direction measure- ment is presented to overcome the shortcoming of the existed instrumented bolt that it must be installed according to provided load direction. The material selection, stickup scheme of strain gauges and slot dimensions of the instru- mented bolt for load vector were designed, from which the instrumented bolt for load vector was further manufac- tured. The linearity and repeatability of test results of instrumented bolt for load vector, the effect of the installation angle on the test results and the load direction measurements were experimentally investigated with a single-lap, sin- gle-bolt composite joint. The test outcomes show the presented instrumented bolt for load vector satisfies the techni- cal requirements for measuring load distribution of bolts in engineering, which further verifies the suitability of the proposed instrumented bolt for load vector.