中文摘要：

随机布置的无线传感器网络，通信节点数量和位置影响网络性能。利用免疫理论与矢量量化技术提出了一种具有最少数量特性的无线传感器网络通信节点定位方法。根据生物免疫机制建立无线传感器节点激活模型，基于免疫自适应调节算法确定传递事件信息所需最少通信节点数；以全部节点坐标为矢量，通信节点数为矢量类别，矢量量化后获得的代表矢量即为通信节点在监测区域的位置。仿真结果表明该方法能极大地减少通信节点数量，优化网络空间资源布局。

英文摘要：

The number and locations of communication nodes affect the performance of wireless sensor networks distri-buted by random means. A location method of communication nodes with the minimum-number property for wireless sen-sor networks is proposed by using immune theory and vector quantization technology. The model of the activated wireless sensor node is built according to natural immune mechanism. The minimum-number of communication nodes for transmit-ting the event message is decided on the basis of immune adaptive adjustment algorithm. Considering the whole node coordi-nates and number of communication nodes as vectors and vector category, respectively, the representative vectors generated by vector quantization technology are corresponding to the locations of communication nodes in the monitoring area. The simulation results show that the number of communication node is significantly reduced and the deployment of space resource is improved in wireless sensor networks.