中文摘要：

长期大量饮酒可引起脑器质性损害,并逐渐发展至痴呆状态,临床以学习记忆功能受损为主要特征。海马具有特殊的神经结构基础,是调控学习记忆功能的关键脑区,且乙醇诱导海马损伤的机制较为复杂,可通过促进海马神经元凋亡、抑制海马神经元成熟分化、破坏突触结构形成、干扰神经递质释放及其受体功能和影响学习记忆相关分子表达等多方面对学习记忆功能造成损害。深入探讨乙醇诱导海马损伤的分子机制,可为寻求乙醇性痴呆治疗方法提供新的研究方向。

英文摘要：

Long-term heavy drinking causes organic brain damage and contributes to the subsequent development of dementia,which is mainly characterized by learning-memory impairment.Hippocampus has special nerve structure foundation and plays a key role in the regulation of learning-memory function.The mechanism of ethanol-induced hippocampal damage is very complicated and may induce learning-memory impairment through promoting hippocampal neuron apoptosis,inhibiting hippocampal neuron differentiation,destroying synaptic structure formation,disrupting neurotransmitter release and receptor function,and affecting the expression of learningmemory-related molecules.In-depth investigation of molecular mechanisms of ethanol-induced hippocampal damage will provide a new research direction for the treatment of alcohol-associated dementia.