云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司会泽铅锌矿是我国一个千米深井矿山,其下属8号矿体采深已达1200余米,矿体赋存条件复杂,地应力高,导致微地震活动频发。本文根据微震监测数据及井下开采活动,对微震活动的时空分布、诱发模式以及预测预报进行了研究。结果表明:微震活动的时空分布主要与开采活动及地质构造有关,根据发生位置、震级大小、破坏特征可将微地震的诱发模式分为应变破裂、矿柱冲击以及断层滑移破裂三类,阐述了各自的发生机制。提出以地震学参数一活动率∑N/Δt、视体积VA、能量指数EI的时间序列曲线来预测矿震灾害,并对其物理意义及破坏过程中可能出现的特征进行了理论分析,现场应用后证明:地压灾害发生前,活动率∑N/Δt及视体积VA急剧增加,能量指数EI突然降低。
Huize Lead & Zinc mine is a deep kilometer well in Yunnan chihong Zn & Ge Co. , LTD. in China, in which 8# orebody's mining depth has reached more than 1200m. The deep ore body has complicated condition and high ground stress, which causes microseismic occuring frequently. Based on micro - seismic monitoring date and mining activities underground, the temporal and spatial distribution, induced model, prediction and forecast of microseismic activities are studied. The results show: temporal and spatial of the microseismic activities associates with mining activities and geological structure. According to occurrence location, the size of mag- nitude and failure characteristics, the induced model of microseismic activity is divided into three types : strain burst, pillar - founda- tion failure and fault slip, occurrence mechanism and degree of damage are expatiated respectively. Predicting mine quake disaster by the time series curves of miroseismic active rate ( ∑N/Δt), apparent volume (VA) and energy index (El) is proposed. The physical meaning and possible characteristics in rock failure process are theoretical analyzed respectively. Field application shows: before the occurrence of ground pressure disaster occurring, microseismic activity rate ( ∑N/Δt) and apparent volume (VA) will sharply in- crease, energy index (EI) quickly decrease.