中文摘要：

绝缘子是电力系统重要的绝缘控件，输电线路覆冰会对电力系统造成严重的后果。超疏水因其独特的浸润性能在防水、防覆冰和自清洁等方面有着重要的应用前景。本文采用纳米粒子填充法，在玻璃基底上制备出超疏水涂层。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X-射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）、接触角测量仪等分析手段对涂层的微观形貌、表面元素组成和浸润性能进行表征。同时在人工气候实验室测试了涂覆超疏水涂层绝缘子的覆冰特性及交流闪络电压。结果表明，本文制备的有机树脂／SiO2超疏水涂层的静态接触角达到161．1±1．3°，滚动角低于1°，达到了超疏水效果。纳米粒子的加入增加了涂层的粗糙度，使涂层形成了微纳米交联网状结构。超疏水涂层在雨凇条件下能够有效地延缓覆冰过程，阻止连续水膜的形成，提高了交流闪络电压。该方法制备简单，容易实现大面积制备，在防覆冰领域有着良好的应用前景。

英文摘要：

Insulator is one of the most important components in power system and accumulation of ice on transmission lines inflicts serious consequences. Superhydrophobic surface has important applications because of its unique properties such as waterrepellency, anti-icing, self-cleaning and so forth. This study described the fabrication of superhydrophobic surface on glass substrate via nano-particles filling method. The surface morphology, chemical composition and wettability were characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and contact angle meter. The anti- icing property and AC flashover voltage were studied in the artificial climate chamber. Results showed that the as-prepared surface exhibited superhydrophobicity with a contact angle （CA） of 161.1 ± 1.3° and a sliding angle （SA） smaller than 1° . The added nano- particles coarsened the coating surface and formed cross-linked micro-nano-binary structures on the as-prepared surface. The as-prepared surface can effectively mitigate the freezing process in glaze ice. Due to the effective prevention of the continuous water film formation, the AC flashover voltage was enhanced. The method is easy to handle and for large-scale fabrication, which has a prosperous future in anti-icing area.