中文摘要：

蛋白质精氨酸甲基转移酶（proteinargininemethyltransferases，PRMTs）是催化S-腺苷-甲硫氨酸的甲基转移至蛋白质精氨酸胍基氮原子上的酶。精氨酸甲基化是一种重要的翻译后修饰方式，参与许多重要的细胞过程，包括DNA修复、RNA加工、转录调控和信号转导。近年来大量研究证实，PRMTs与呼吸系统疾病、心血管系统疾病、肿瘤、病毒感染、糖代谢及其相关疾病、自身免疫性疾病密切相关。明确PRMTs的异常表达对肺部疾病的影响对疾病的治疗有重要作用。

英文摘要：

Protein arginine methyltransferases （PRMTs） are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L methionine into a guanidino nitrogen of protein arginine. Protein arginine methylation is a novel posttranslational modification that plays a pivotal role in a variety of intracellular events, such as DNA repair, RNA processing, transcriptional regulation, and signal transduction. Recently, many studies reveal that PRMTs are significantly associated with pulmonary diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, infections, glucose metabolic diseases, and autoimmune diseases. The paper introduces the recent progresses in the influence of dysregulation of PRMTs on pulmonary diseases.