中文摘要：

目的 分析北京地区妇女的分娩年龄,以及分娩年龄与妊娠结局的相关性.方法 通过系统整群抽样的方法,选取2013年6月20日至11月30日于北京地区15家医院住院分娩的14 970例单胎产妇为观察对象,收集其年龄、妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）和子痫前期（PE）的诊断、分娩孕周、产后出血、新生儿出生体质量及新生儿转新生儿ICU（NICU）等资料.纳入的产妇根据分娩年龄分为5组：（1）＜20岁组（205例）;（2）20～＜30岁组（9228例）;（3）30～＜35岁组（4 365例）;（4）35～＜40岁组（1 017例）;（5）≥40岁组（155例）.采用独立样本t检验和x2检验进行组间比较,并采用logistic回归分析描述分娩年龄与不良妊娠结局发生风险的关系.结果 （1）2013年北京地区妇女的平均分娩年龄为（28＆#177;4）岁.分娩年龄＜20岁者共计205（1.4％,205/14 970）例,高龄妊娠者（指35～＜40岁组及≥40岁组）1 172例（7.8％,1 172/14 970）,其中分娩年龄≥40岁者155例（1.0％,155/14970）;（2）糖尿病、慢性高血压疾病、超重和肥胖的发生率随分娩年龄的增加而升高,在高龄妊娠妇女中发生率分别达到3.2％（5/155）、5.8％（9/155）、34.8％（54/155）;（3）与20～＜30岁组比较,分娩年龄＜20岁组孕妇中GDM（校正OR=0.393,95％CI为0.222～ 0.696）和剖宫产（校正OR=0.549,95％CI为0.391～ 0.771）的发生风险显著降低,但早产（校正OR=2.144,95％CI为1.256～ 3.662）的发生风险显著增加.并且,分娩年龄30～＜35岁组、35～＜40岁组及≥40岁组GDM（分别为校正OR=1.513,95％ CI为1.374～ 1.666;校正OR=2.094,95％CI为1.786 ～ 2.455;校正OR=2.174,95％CI为1.492～ 3.167）、早产（校正OR=1.219,95％CI为1.021～ 1.455;校正OR=1.644,95％CI为1.251～2.161;校正OR=2.141,95％CI为1.209～3.792）、剖宫产（分别为校正OR=1.373,95％CI为1.268 ～ 1.486;校正OR=2.960,95％CI为2.550～ 3.435;校正OR=4.332,95％CI为2.920 ?

英文摘要：

Objective To evaluate the maternal age at delivery in Beijing and the effect of maternal age on pregnancy outcomes.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 14 970 singleton pregnancies from 15 hospitals in Beijing from June 20th to November 30th in 2013.These hospitals were sorted by the numbers of delivery and chosen as clusters by systemic cluster sampling method.The data of age,diagnosis with gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） and pre-eclampsia （PE）,neonatal birth weight,gestational age at delivery,postpartum hemorrhage and infants admitted to the neonatal ICU （NICU） were collected.The 14 970 women were divided into 5 groups according to their ages at delivery：（1） less than 20 years （n=205）,（2）20-〈30 years （n=9 228）,（3）30-〈35 years （n=4 365）,（4）35-〈40 years （n=1 017）,and （5） 40 years and older （n=155）.T-test and x2 test were used for between-group comparison,and logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between age and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.Results （1） The mean maternal age at delivery in 2013 in Beijing was （28＆#177;4） years old.Among them,205 （1.4%,205/14 970） delivered under 20 years of age;1 172 （7.8%,1 172/14 970） ≥35 years;and 155 （1.O%,155/14 970） at 40 years and older.（2） The prevalence of diabetes,hypertension,overweight and obesity increased with age,and the incidence of these conditions were 3.4%,4.3% and 31.4% in women with advanced age,respectively.（3） Compared with 20-〈30 years group,less than 20 years was associated with significantly lower incidence of GDM [adjust OR （aOR）=0.393,95% CI：0.222-0.696] and cesarean section rate （aOR=0.549,95%CI：0.391-0.771）,and higher incidence of preterm birth （aOR=2.144,95%CI：1.256-3.662）.Moreover,30-〈35 years,35-〈40 years and 40 years and older groups all had significantly higher risk of GDM （30-34 years,aOR=1.513,95%CI：1.374-1.666;35-〈40 years,aOR=2.094,95%CI：1.786-2.455;≥40 years,aOR=2.1