中文摘要：

喷施锌肥是提高中国北方潜在缺锌石灰性土壤上小麦籽粒锌含量及生物有效性的有效措施,但这种措施是否会显著影响其它微量元素的吸收和累积,从而影响微量元素的整体营养状况问题值得研究。为此,在陕西杨凌潜在缺锌土壤上进行了连续两季的小麦不同生育期田间喷锌试验。结果表明,喷施锌肥对小麦无显著增产作用;第一季（2007-2008）和第二季（2008-2009）中,与不喷锌比较,不同生育期喷锌后除了小麦籽粒的平均锌含量分别提高51.7%和73.5%外,其平均铁含量也提高了12.4%和12.9%;拔节期和扬花期喷锌对小麦籽粒铜含量无明显影响,但灌浆前期和灌浆后期喷锌会降低其铜含量;而籽粒锰含量对喷锌则无明显反应;喷锌后小麦籽粒平均植酸含量则分别降低了11.1%和16.9%。施用氮肥增加了籽粒锌铁铜锰的吸收总量;同时还降低了小麦籽粒植酸含量。总之,在供试土壤上,喷施锌肥可以有效地提高小麦籽粒锌铁含量,锌铁间存在着互助关系,同时喷锌也增加了其微量元素的吸收总量,降低了籽粒植酸含量,提高了小麦籽粒微量元素的生物有效性。

英文摘要：

Potential Zn-deficiency is widespread in calcareous soil in North China,and Zn concentration and its bioavailability of wheat grain could be improved by foliar Zn application in this region,however,the balance of micronutrients might be changed by Zn spraying.In order to investigate the effect of foliar Zn application on the micronutrient of wheat grain,field experiments were consecutively conducted in the first（2005～2006） and the second（2006～2007） cropping seasons.The results showed that there was no significant effect of foliar Zn application on the yield of wheat grain compared to no Zn supply.In the first and second cropping seasons,beside that the grain Zn concentrations were increased by 51.7% and 73.5% on average under the condition of Zn spraying at different growth stage compared to no Zn supply,and Fe concentrations were also increased by 12.4% and 12.9%;there were no significant effect of Zn spraying at jointing and flowering stages on the Cu concentration in wheat grain,but foliar Zn application at early grain filling and late grain filling stages decreased the Cu concentration,and there was no significant effect of Zn spraying on the grain Mn concentration;the phytic acid concentration decreased by 11.06% and 16.92% under the condition of Zn spraying compare to no Zn supply,respectively.N fertilization decreased grain Mn concentration,but increased the total content of Zn＋Fe＋Mn＋Cu,and it decreased the phytic acid concentration of wheat grain.In conclusion,the Zn and Fe concentration of wheat grain can be increased by foliar Zn application on potentially Zn-deficient calcareous soil,and synergistic effect occurred in wheat grain when foliar Zn application was conducted;Zn spraying increased the total content of micronutrients,and at the same time,it also improved the bioavailability of grain micronutrients.