中文摘要：

为探究种植模式和施肥量对滴灌青贮玉米水分利用效率的影响，分析了宽窄行和均匀行种植模式和5个不同施肥水平下土壤水分水平和垂直方向的变化规律，研究了青贮玉米耗水量、水分利用效率及生长指标的变化特点。结果表明，O-40cm土层内，宽窄行种植模式下土壤含水率水平方向变化比均匀行种植模式大，且水分主要集中在作物根系附近，而均匀行种植模式则分布均匀且较大。40cm以下土层，宽窄行种植模式下土壤含水率比均匀行种植模式小，水分入渗损失少。在满足作物需水的前提下，宽窄行种植模式更有利节水和提水分利用效率。尿素定额480kg／hm＾2、施磷定额234kg／hm＾2时，耗水量较小，水分利用效率最高。适量施肥有助于作物的生长，施肥过多则抑制青贮玉米的生长。

英文摘要：

To investigate the effects of planting pattern and fertilizer amount on water use efficiency of silage maize under drip irrigation, the changes of soil moisture in the horizontal and vertical directions and variation characteristics of crop water consumption, water use efficiency and crop growth indexes of silage maize were studied through the field experiments with two planting patterns （wide-narrow-wide row pattern and uniform row pattern） and five urea levels （780, 630, 480, 330, and 180 kg/hm^2）. The results showed that the change of soil water content in 0-40 cm soil layer was greater in the horizontal direction under the wide-narrow-wide row pattern compared to the uniform row pattern. In 0-40 cm soil layer, soil moisture was mainly concentrated around crop roots under the wide-narrow-wide row pattern while soil water distributed uniformly over a bigger zone under the uniform row pattern. In the soil layer over 40 cm below surface, soil water content and water loss were lower under wide-narrow-wide row pattern compared to uniform row pattern. When crop water demand was met, the wide-narrow-wide row pattern was more favorable to save water and improve and higher water use efficiency. Crop water consumption was small and water use efficiency was the highest with urea application amount of 480 kg/hm^2 and aphosphorus fertilizer amount of 234 kg/hm^2. Appropriate fertilizer amount was good for crop growth , but too higher or too lower fertilizer application could inhibit the growth of silage maize.