中文摘要：

认知控制是人们在进行目标导向的行为时所表现出的高级认知机能，亦是当前认知神经科学研究的热点之一。研究者们常用刺激一反应协同性效应以及冲突适应效应等，通过考查冲突加工来揭示认知控制的机制。综述了近期利用冲突加工范式探索认知控制的实证研究，并基于Komblum等的维度重叠理论和Botvinick等的冲突监测理论，提出了冲突监测特异而冲突解决共享的认知控制模块化组织模型。

英文摘要：

Cognitive control, the higher cognitive function essential for goal-oriented behavior, is currently a hot topic in cognitive neuroscience research. Researchers have frequently examined various stimulus-response-compatibility （SRC） effects and conflict adaptation （CA） effects to elucidate mechanisms of cognitive control. This article reviewed recent empirical studies utilizing these SRC and CA paradigms. Based on the universal framework of dimensional overlap theory and conflict monitoring theory, we proposed a unique theory on modular organization of cognitive control, in which different types of conflicts are detected by distinct conflict monitoring nodes and then resolved by a common module of executive control.