中文摘要：

DNA传感器是基于DNA分子相互作用原理设计而成的一种新型的检测技术,具有快速,简单等优点,在基因分析及其他应用领域已显示出越来越重要的价值。分子信标是一种具有发卡式结构的寡核苷酸,由于其能够很好地识别单碱基错配序列,基于发卡式DNA的传感器较传统的单链DNA传感器有更好的检测特异性,目前得到广泛的研究。本文介绍了DNA生物传感器及分子信标的有关原理,并着重介绍了发卡式DNA的结构及其在DNA生物传感器中的应用。

英文摘要：

DNA sensor is a new type of detection technology based on the interaction of DNA molecules. It is fast, simple, and it has shown more important value in the genetic analysis and other applications. Molecular beacon is a kind of nucleotide which has hairpin structure, and it can detect single-base mismatch DNA sequence. The biosensors based on hairpin DNA are more specific and selective than the sensors which are based on single-strand DNA （ss-DNA）. DNA sensors have received much attention. In this paper, the principle and fabrication ofDNA biosensors and molecular beacon were reviewed. We have introduced the structure of hairpin DNA and its application in DNA biosensors.