中文摘要：

湿地景观格局分析是湿地生态和全球变化研究领域的热点,最佳分析粒度是景观格局分析准确性的关键指标.定性与定量相结合,综合利用景观指数粒度效应分析和信息损失评价,确定了大辽河流域湿地景观格局的最佳分析粒度为60m.在该粒度下,选取反映空间组成和空间构型的指数,进行湿地景观格局分析.结果表明：①大辽河流域湿地景观主体为水田、河流和沼泽景观,水田景观最多,人工湿地景观优势明显,平均斑块面积很小的湿地景观类型普遍存在,湿地景观受人类干扰程度较大;②河流、水库形状复杂,水田、湖泊形状相对规整,水库、水田聚集度较高,鱼塘和滩地聚集度较低,湿地景观整体形状复杂,聚集度不高,破碎化程度较重.

英文摘要：

Landscape pattern analysis is a hot issue in wetland ecology and global change research.Observation of the landscape pattern depends on the scale of observation or analysis,so the optimal grain （grain size） is the key factor to calculate landscape indices and improve the accuracy of landscape pattern analysis.To solve this problem,an optimal grain selection method was developed,which integrates two methods：the grain effect analysis of landscape index and data loss assessment.Using this method,the optimal grain in the Daliaohe watershed was determined before landscape pattern analysis.By analyzing the grain inflexions of the landscape index comprehensively,we found that 40～60 m and 110～200 m were the appropriate grain ranges.Data loss assessment showed that 40～60 m was the appropriate grain extent.In addition,the time-consumption factor was considered and 60 m was selected as the optimal grain for landscape pattern analysis of the wetland.Based on the optimal grain,composition and structure indices were chosen to describe the pattern of the study area.Analysis of the landscape patterns revealed that：① The landscapes of the study region were dominated by paddy,river and swamp,among which artificial wetlands were the most prevalent.Wetland landscape types with small average patch size were prevalent,implying that the wetland landscape was significantly affected by human activities.② The shapes of the river and reservoir were complex,while paddy fields and the lake were relatively regular.The aggregation of reservoirs and paddy fields was higher,while that of ponds and beaches was lower.The whole wetland landscape shape was complex,the degree of aggregation was not high,and the degree of fragmentation was high.