中文摘要：

αⅡ-血影蛋白是存在于非红细胞系统细胞膜、细胞浆和细胞核内的骨架蛋白,在提供机械性支持、蛋白质分选、囊泡运输、轴突生长、神经递质的释放以及细胞生长分化中起到重要作用。αⅡ-Spectrin表达于神经元胞体、轴突和树突内。在病理条件下,αⅡ-Spectrin可被活化的Calpain-1和Caspase-3分别降解为150-、145-和120-kDa的片段,从而破坏细胞内能量转换和膜的相关功能造成细胞损害。综述了近年来αⅡ-Spectrin在各类脑损伤、神经系统疾病中的表达情况,分析其可成为一个法医实践中推断脑损伤程度和损伤形成时间的新指标。

英文摘要：

αII-spectrin is a structural protein in the cytoplasm of nonerythroid cells. It plays an important role in providing mechanical support for the cell membrane, and it is also involved in protein sorting, organelle and vesicle trafficking, neurite outgrowth and neurotransmitter release, as well as cell growth and differentiation. αII-spectrin is mainly distribute in neuronal cytoplasm, axons and dendrites. Under pathological conditions, αII-spectrin can be cleaved into 150-,145-,and 120-k Da fragments by activated calpain-1 and caspase-3, respectively, thereby disturb the intracellular energy transportation and the related functions of membrane, and cause cell damage. This review summarized the expressions of αII-spectrin in brain injuries and neurology diseases to provide a new biomarker for determining the degree and time course of traumatic brain injury in forensic practice.