中文摘要：

MicroRNAs (miRNAs ) 内长地被表示调整蛋白质表示的小、非编码的抄本。实质的证据建议 miRNAs 在中央神经系统被充实，在他们被假设在神经开发期间起枢轴的作用的地方。在现在的学习，我们在在不同发展阶段和发现 miR-29a 的服的外皮和马头鱼尾的怪兽在出生后的阶段戏剧性地增加了的老鼠分析了 miRNAs 表示。另外，我们提供了 miR-29a 在 vitro 并且在 vivo 在成熟神经原被充实的充分证据。进一步的调查证明 glutamate 受体的激活在主要神经原导致了内长的 miR-29a 水平。而且，我们证明 miR-29a 直接调整了它的目标蛋白质 Doublecortin (DCX ) 表示，它进一步调制的轴突在主要文化分叉。一起，我们的结果建议 miR-29a 在鼠标的 neuronal 开发起一个重要作用大脑。

英文摘要：

MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are endogenously expressed small, non-coding transcripts that regulate protein expression. Substantial evidences suggest that miRNAs are enriched in central nervous system, where they are hypothesized to play pivotal roles during neural devel- opment. In the present study, we analyzed miRNAs expression in mice cerebral cortex and hippocampus at different developmental stages and found miR-29a increased dramatically at postnatal stages. In addition, we provided strong evidences that miR-29a is enriched in mature neurons both in vitro and in v/vo. Further investigation demonstrated that the activation of gluta- mate receptors induced endogenous miR-29a level in primary neurons. Moreover, we showed that miR-29a directly regulated its target protein Doublecortin （DCX） expression, which further modulated axon branching in primary culture. Together, our results suggested that miR-29a play an important role in neuronal development of mice cerebrum.