中文摘要：

肿瘤生物样本库是转化医学研究与精准医学研究的重要基础设施，在欧关等国家倍受重视。纵观我国胃肠道肿瘤生物样本库建设与发展走过的15年历程，在样本库建设形式上经历了最早的项目驱动性科室建设模式，发展到区域生物样本库网络融合模式，再到即将纳入国家重大基础研究设施建设规划模式。在样本库建设内容上，从最初仅收集患者外周血与肿瘤组织模式，至患者体液（血液与尿液）、组织及临床病理学信息同步收集与信息化管理模式。高质量的肿瘤生物样本是支撑我国胃肠道肿瘤研究领域开展国内或者国际重大合作研究项目的材料与信息资源保障。本文详尽介绍了我国胃肠道肿瘤生物样本库建设15年来的经验与存在问题，尤其对研究人员关心的长期低温冻存肿瘤组织生物样本的质量控制问题进行了介绍。

英文摘要：

Tumor biobank is a critical infrastructure for translational medicine research and precise medical research, which has been paid increasing attention in Western countries. Three different periods exist throughout the course of the 15-year construction and progress of the gastrointestinal cancer biobank in China. The periods include the following： construction of a project-driven biobank, which is closely related to the division＇s project; formation of a regional network of biobanks, which integrates multiple biobanks with different kinds of diseases; and enrollment of the project to national key basic research facilities by the government. The construction content of gastrointestinal cancer biobank has two stages： collection of peripheral blood and tumor tissues, patient body fluids （blood and urine}, and tumor tissues; and information management of clinical and pathological details. The high-quality biospecimens safe- guard the strong support of many domestic projects and international research projects. This review summarizes the experiences and problems of gastrointestinal tumor biobanks in China. The author introduces quality control problems for long-term cryopreserved biospecimens in deep freezer.