中文摘要：

植物生活型、地形及区域气候特征等对土壤养分的空间分布有着重要的影响。通过对我国典型自然带土壤氮磷化学计量与植物生活型、地形及气候因素间相互关系的研究，探讨了我国土壤氮磷的空间变异与分布特征及其主要控制因素。结果发现，5个自然带的土壤全氮（TN）和氮磷比（N/P）存在显著差异（p 〈 0.01）；除温带荒漠带较低（0.47 mg g^-1）外，土壤全磷（TP）均值总体变化不明显（p〉 0.05）。在不同自然带区域内，TN、TP及N/P变化与海拔、温度及降水呈现出显著的线性和非线性二次相关，即表现出线性与单峰模式。暖温带落叶阔叶林带、温带草原带、温带荒漠带森林土壤中TN，以及青藏高原高寒植被带草本土壤中TP、温带荒漠带森林土壤的N/P主要受海拔因素的影响，而温带草原带草本植物的土壤TP则主要受降水的影响。同时，研究还发现，在多要素共同作用时，其影响程度也略有差异，温度和海拔作为控制因素影响亚热带常绿阔叶林带森林和温带草原带草本土壤TN变化，但前者受温度控制更为明显，后者则以海拔为主要驱动因素，而温带荒漠带草本土壤和森林土壤的TN主要受海拔和降水作用的影响，但以降水影响为主；亚热带常绿阔叶林带森林土壤TP，温带草原带、温带荒漠带和青藏高原高寒植被带草本土壤的N/P受植物生活型、地形及气候的共同影响，但程度略有不同，其中TP表现为降水〉温度〉海拔，而N/P为温度〉海拔〉降水。因此，在自然带和植物生活型的主控背景下，海拔、温度和降水的主控或交互作用直接驱动土壤氮磷及其化学计量特征的空间分异。

英文摘要：

【Objective】 Nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） are two important nutrients and play important role in sustaining plant growth in natural ecosystems, and changes in structure and function of an ecosystem may reflect in stoichiometric characteristics of the elements in the soil. Natural zone, life form and elevation are major factors affecting soil nutrients in all climatic zones. Therefore, the study on stoichiometric characteristics on large spatial scales may help explore distribution characteristics of soil nutrients and driving factors of the evolution of soil nutrients, and provide important reference to studies to understand in depth global biogeochemical recycling of the soil nutrients and simulate regional responses to global change.【Method】 From the literature available regarding soil stoichiometry in the subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest zone （SEB）, warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest zone （WTD）, temperate steppe zone （TSZ）, temperate desert zone （TDZ） and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Alpine vegetation zones （QST）, a total of 594 data of N and P contents in natural soils, 0-20 cm in depth of various regions of the country and their stoichiometric analyses, covering a time span of 15 years were acquired using the aid of electronic search engines. Statistic analysis of the collected data were performed using methods of one-way analysis of variance （ANOVA）, least significant difference （LSD）, Spearman correlation coefficient analysis, and multivariate linear and non-linear autoregressive modeling （MAR）, to explore distribution and variability of soil total nitrogen （TN） and total phosphorus （TP） and their stoichiometry in soil in relation to elevation, temperature and precipitation in the SEB, WTD, TSZ, TDZ and QST. 【Result】 Results show that soil TN and N/P varied significantly from natural zone to natural zone, but soil TP did not as much. The average TN content was 2.35 mg g-1, 1.13 mg g-1, 1.07 mg g-1, 3.59 mg g-1, and 5.66 mg g-1; the a