中文摘要：

应用非平衡分子动力学方法,对水中超空泡流形成机理及减阻效应进行了模拟研究.计算得到了流体密度分布、局部空化数分布、阻力系数及含气百分比等流场细节数据,结果显示空化数判据在分子层面仍然成立,局部低空化数区域与超空泡形成区域在空间上分离;超空泡形成和稳定主要受物体运动速度影响;空化器构型对空泡内含气率有较大影响;从云雾空化状态过渡到超空泡,物体表面摩擦力可以减小50%—90%.与数值模拟结果的对比表明非平衡分子动力学模拟适用于研究微观超空泡机理,能够经济有效地探讨超高速流体运动的一些自然规律.

英文摘要：

Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics was introduced for studying supercavitation mechanism and its drag reduction effect. Flow field details like local density distribution,local cavity number distribution,friction coefficient and gas volume percentage were calculated. The results showed that cavity number criterion is applicable in predicting supercavitation. Low cavity number area and actual cavity area are spatially separated. Velocity was the critical factor on cavity formation. Cavitator shape can affect gas volume percentage in cavity. Supercavitation can bring about 50%—90% skin friction reduction,comparing with cloud cavitation. The results agree with previous numerical simulation,showing the model is suitable for studying supercavitation mechanism in molecular scale and provides a valuable tool for investigating flow details.