木质纤维素全溶体系是指具有氢键破坏能力,从而导致木质纤维素溶解的一类特殊溶剂体系。包括有机溶剂全溶体系和离子液体全溶体系。前者主要是基于二甲基亚砜的全溶体系,具体可分为二甲基亚砜/四丁基氟化铵、二甲基亚砜/ N-甲基咪唑和二甲基亚砜/氯化锂3种全溶体系。后者则主要是基于咪唑基离子液体的全溶体系,种类较多。这一全新概念的提出为更加便捷的对木质纤维素进行结构鉴定、化学改性和高效利用提供了一个可靠平台,本文首次对木质纤维素全溶体系的最新研究成果进行了综述。
Complete-lignocellulose-dissolution system is a kind of special solvent system with having hydrogen-bond-disrupting ability, including two complete dissolution systems, organic solvents and ionic liquids. Organic solvents, which are based on dimethylsulfoxide, may be divided into three organic systems: dimethylsulfoxide/ tetrabutylammonium fluoride, dimethylsulfoxide/ N-methylimidazole and dimethylsulfoxide/ lithium chloride. Ionic liquids comprise many sorts, but all based on imidazolium-based ionic liquids. The emerging of this new system sets up a reliable platform for conveniently analyzing the structure, chemical modification and high efficient application of lignocellulose. In this article, the latest research results about this new system are reviewed for the first time.